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on Chlorella| Books
on Chlorella |
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Profile of
Chlorella: By collecting water from
a green pond and observing it under a microscope, you will find various
micro-organisms which are not visible to the naked eye. Among those micro-organisms
is a green, round cell in diameterof about 6 microons (6/1000 milimeter).
This is Chlorella. |
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Chlorella is a form of life that emerged over
2 billion years ago, coming after photosynthetic bacteria. It was the first
form of plant with a well-defined nucleus (eucaryote). Fossils from the
Pre-Cambrian period clearly indicate the presence of chlorella.
Because of Chlorella's extremely small size. it was not until the late 19th century that it was discovered. In naming it, the prefix "chlor" was selected to signify green while the suffix "ella", indicates small. The earth's oxygen was largely produced from sunlight, water and carbon dioxide by various types of plants, in which chlorella played an important role, because of its strong capability to perform photosynthesis. These plants also produced the food which was the basis for later types of multi-cellular animals. |
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The surface of Chlorella is covered with the cell wall(CW),
composed chiefly of cellulose. In the cell, one can see a nucleus(N), starch
grains(S) and belt-shaped chloroplast(C), where photosynthesis takes place.
The mitochondria(M) is an organ which generates the energy required for
cell survival.
Chlorella is asexually reproduced, therefore there is no distinction between male or female, and chlorella forms no reproductive organs. The daughter cell grows to become a mother cell, and divides producing four daughter cells. This is the life cycle. The length of the chlorella's life cycle depends upon the strength of sunlight, temperature and nutrients, usually dividing once a day. |
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1. General Nutrients (Unit:gram)
Moisture (5.77%), Crude Protein (56.24%), Crude Fat (13.38%), Carbohydrate (16.95%), Crude Fibre (1.02%), Crude Ash (6.64%), Chlorophyll (1.7%), Calorie (417 Cal). |
2. Vitamin Constituents (Unit:mg)
Vitamin A activity (13,000 IU/100g), B-Carotene (24), Vitamin B1 (2.1), Vitamin B2 (5.1), Vitamin B6 (1.3), Vitamin C (22), Niacin (20.9), Pantothenic acid (0.7), Biotin (0.18), Inositol (146), Folic Acid (0.033). |
3. Minerals Constituents (Unit:mg)
Calcium (150), Magnesium (370), Iron (120), Zinc (4), Phosphorous (1770), Iodine (Less than 2ppm). |
4. Amino Acid Constituents
(Unit:gram)
Lysine (3.15%), Leucine (4.98), Isoleucine (2.35), Threonine (2.61), Valine (3.55), Methionine (1.06), Phenylalanine (2.89), Trytophan (1.11), Histidine (1.08), Arginine (3.51), Serine (2.31), Proline (2.43), Glycine (3.36), Alanine (4.81), Glutamic Acid (6.45), Aspartic Acid (5.06), Others (5.53) |
5. Fatty Acid Constituents
Saturated Fatty Caid (14.7%), Unsaturated Fatty acid (85.3%). The above information indicates a nutritional information of chlorella. Because chlorella is a natural product, its analysis may vary slightly depending upon the season, ythe weather and environmental conditions. The first point of note is the high percentage of protein, including an excellent balance of the eight essential amino acids. Along with protein, chlorella is rich in vitamins, minerals and chlorophyll. Vitamin A is the most plentiful, found in the form of B-Carotene. These are all important for the smooth functioning of the human body and for proper health maintenence. In addition to this, chlorella contains a unique substance that has a physiologically activating property. |
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1. Stock Culture The first step is to gather only chlorella from the various algae and plankton which were collected from a natural green pond. |
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2. Active Slant Culture |
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Then the chlorella is checked as to whether the species is good for mass culture and as a food by changing the temperature condition. |
3. Flask Seed Culture |
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The chlorella is implanted into a small culture flask containing culture
solution.
It is provided with bubbling air with carbon dioxide under a fluorescent light. Flasks are gradually increased as chlorella concentration becomes higher: 100cc - 800cc - 2000 cc. |
4. Mother Seed Culture |
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When the concentration becomes high enough,
it is placed in the mother seed culturing basin which is a round, shallow,
concrete pool with a stirrer in the center.
Nutrients and air are continuously supplied to the chlorella by the stirrer in the culture medium. Culture pools are gradually increased in size (2m-6m-18m) as the chlorella concentration becomes higher. |
5. Main Culture |
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After culturing in the mother seed basin, it
is placed in the main culture pool which is also made of concrete with
a mechanical stirrer.
The diameter of the main culture pool is from 40m to 50m. Most chlorella is cultured by photosynthesis with the energy from the sun. |
6. Purification |
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When the chlorella in the main culture pool
is finally condensed to about 1 gram of raw chlorella cell per liter of
medium, it will be pumped out of the culture pool.
The next step is to efficiently remove a great amount of water by repeating the process of centrifugation-washing-dehydration. The differential steps are completed by using the De Laval type centrifuge. It is repeated again and again until only chlorella can be seen through the microscope.
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7. Cell-wall Disintegrating (Dyno-Mill) This is the unique process used by YSK International Corp. This process involves a physical disintegration of the cell wall using only natural means (no chemicals, enzymes or heat) |
8. Drying |
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After breaking down the cell wall of chlorella,
concentrates must be handled at low temperatures and dried as quickly as
possible, because raw chlorella easily decomposes.
Spray-drying is employed in producing chlorella powder. Concentrates are sprayed in hot air so as to dry them instantaneously, and thereby avoid damage to their quality. Dry chlorella is very stable and can remain at its original potency for several years, if maintained under proper conditions. |
9.
Tableting, Packing & Labeling |
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After the drying process, the chlorella powder is meticulously
checked for mutation and contanmination. The powder is then molded into
tablets by a direct press machine.
No substances are added to these tablets. the final product, Sun Chlorella A, is placed in a polystrene case to insure that the highest level of effectiveness. |
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